Scenario

01. Poor Value Perception
02. Poor Safety Awareness
03. Inadequate Risk Recognition
04. Ignorance of Procedure
05. Disregard of Procedure
06. Excessive High Speed at Lowering Temperature
07. Planning and Design
08. Poor Planning
09. Repair Planning
10. Usage
11. Maintenance/Repair
12. Insufficient Tightening Force
13. Malfunction
14. Poor Hardware
15. Flange Leakage
16. Secondary Damage
17. External Damage
18. Leakage/Fire

Leakage and fire of gas from lower piping of a heating furnace for start-up at an ammonia manufacturing plant
Case Details

Knowledge Comment:
Protection of a flange leakage at high-temperature and high-pressure part is based on the quantative tightening force control and adequate speed of temperature rise/down.

Field Chemicals and Plants
Author ARAI, Mitsuru (Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo)
TAMURA, Masamitsu (Center for Risk Management and Safety Sciences, Yokohama National University)